Resolving Stakeholder Conflicts in Airport Gate Assignment: A Multi-objective Approach with Goal Programming and MIP Models

Abstract

The Airport Gate Assignment Problem (AGAP) is a critical aspect of airport operations involving the assignment of gates to incoming and outgoing flights. In this study we model the AGAP as a multi-objective optimization problem addressing the conflicting preferences of key stakeholders: passengers airlines and airport management. Each stakeholder has distinct gate preferences creating challenges in balancing their competing objectives. To address these challenges we develop Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) models incorporating both assignment-based and time-tabling-based approaches. The solution process leverages Goal Programming techniques including Weighted Goal Programming Tchebychev Goal Programming and Lexicographic Goal Programming. The models are implemented and solved using IBM ILOG CPLEX Version 12.0 providing a robust framework for optimizing gate assignments while considering the complex trade-offs between stakeholder preferences. Our results offer insights into the effectiveness of these techniques in resolving conflicts and achieving an optimal balance in gate assignments. © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.