Paralel makine çizelgeleme: Konfeksiyon endüstrisinde bir uygulama
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Date
2023
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Bu çalışmada, giyim endüstrisine ait bir firmanın dikim aşaması incelenmiş olup, çizelgeleme problemi terminolojisi kullanılarak altı farklı tam sayılı çizelgeleme problemi formülasyonu sunulmuştur. Makinelerin aynı hız ve özelliklere sahip olması nedeniyle, sistemin özdeş paralel makine çizelgeleme problemine uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İlk model, basit bir maksimum tamamlanma süresi (makespan) minimizasyonu olarak verilmiştir. Ardından, sıraya bağlı kurulum süreleri, işe hazır olma tarihleri, makine uygunluğu ve iş bölme gibi kısıtlamalar eklenerek problem genişletilmiştir. Probleme, işlerin teslim tarihleri de eklenerek amaç fonksiyonu toplam erken ve gecikmelerin minimizasyonu olarak belirlenmiştir. Geliştirilen son model bir genetik algoritma ile birleştirilmiştir. Ancak, gerçek hayattaki problemlerde, operatör öğrenme eğrisi, yorgunluğu ve makine bakım gereksinimleri gibi faktörler nedeniyle bir işin işlem süresi değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Aynı şekilde kurulum süreleri de insan ve teknik faktörlere bağlı olarak değişebilmektedir. Bu faktörler nedeniyle problem bulanık işlem süreleri ve bulanık kurulum süreleri ile problemin bir uzantısı olarak verilmiştir. Bu yaklaşım, bir rastgele arama algoritması, bir Monte Carlo simulasyonu, aracılığıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Geliştirilen modeller OPL Cplex ile doğrulandıktan sonra çeşitli veriler yardımı ile optimum çözümün sonuçları ve algoritmaların çözüm sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır ve önerilen metodolojilerin çözüm kaliteleri sunulmuştur.
In this study, the sewing stage of a company belonging to the apparel industry was examined, and six different MILP scheduling problem terminology. Since the machines are identical in terms of speed and features, it has been determined that the system is appropriate for the identical parallel machine scheduling problem. The first model is given as a simple maximum completion time (makespan) minimization. Next, the problem is expanded by adding constraints such as sequence-dependent setup times, job splitting. job-ready dates, and machine eligibility. The aim of the function was defined based on minimizing total earliness and tardiness by adding the jobs' due dates into the problem. The latest model developed is combined with a genetic algorithm. However, in real-life problems, the processing time of a job can vary due to factors such as operator learning curve, fatigue, and machine maintenance requirements. Likewise, setup times may vary depending on human and technical factors. Due to these factors, the problem is given as an extension of the problem with fuzzy processing times and fuzzy setup times. This approach has been compared via a random search algorithm, a Monte Carlo simulation. After the developed models were verified with OPL Cplex, the results of the optimum solution and the solution results of the algorithms were compared with the help of various data, and the solution qualities of the proposed methodologies were presented.
In this study, the sewing stage of a company belonging to the apparel industry was examined, and six different MILP scheduling problem terminology. Since the machines are identical in terms of speed and features, it has been determined that the system is appropriate for the identical parallel machine scheduling problem. The first model is given as a simple maximum completion time (makespan) minimization. Next, the problem is expanded by adding constraints such as sequence-dependent setup times, job splitting. job-ready dates, and machine eligibility. The aim of the function was defined based on minimizing total earliness and tardiness by adding the jobs' due dates into the problem. The latest model developed is combined with a genetic algorithm. However, in real-life problems, the processing time of a job can vary due to factors such as operator learning curve, fatigue, and machine maintenance requirements. Likewise, setup times may vary depending on human and technical factors. Due to these factors, the problem is given as an extension of the problem with fuzzy processing times and fuzzy setup times. This approach has been compared via a random search algorithm, a Monte Carlo simulation. After the developed models were verified with OPL Cplex, the results of the optimum solution and the solution results of the algorithms were compared with the help of various data, and the solution qualities of the proposed methodologies were presented.
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Engineering Sciences, Mühendislik Bilimleri
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