İnşaat sektöründe istihdam üzerine hukuki bir değerlendirme
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Date
2022
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Open Access Color
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Bu çalışmada inşaat sektöründe istihdam üzerine İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku Mevzuatı, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Mevzuatı, Uluslararası İşgücü Mevzuatı ve Yargıtay kararları kapsamında hukuki bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızın ilk bölümünde genel hatları ile inşaat sektörü tanıtılmış, yurtiçi ve yurtdışı müteahhitlik hizmetlerinin gelişimi ve günümüzdeki konumlarından bahsedilerek sektörün istihdam yaratma potansiyeli açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra genel anlamda İş Mevzuatında görülen sözleşme çeşitlerinden bahsedilerek bahsi geçen sözleşmelerin inşaat sektöründe görülme biçimlerinden, uygulamada sıklıkla karşılaşılan iş sözleşmesi tiplerinden aynı zamanda esasen bir iş sözleşmesi olmayan ancak uygulamada işçi istihdam etme şekli olarak kullanılan sektörün en problemli konusunu oluşturan alt yüklenicilik sözleşmeleri açıklanmıştır. Bu bölümde aynı zamanda yurtdışı bağlantılı iş sözleşmelerinin nasıl kurulduğu ve uygulanacak hukukun nasıl tespit edildiği açıklanmıştır. Çalışmamızın esas konusunun değerlendirildiği ikinci bölümde ise, inşaat sektöründe ücret kavramı, çalışma koşulları ve iş sözleşmesinin sona ermesi müesseselerine değinilmiştir. Öncelikle ücret kavramını sektörde görülen ücret tipleri ve sık karşılaşılan sorunlar irdelenerek uygulamada yaşanılan sorunlara çözüm üretilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında sektördeki çalışma süreleri, fazla çalışma ve izin kaynaklı sorunlar açıklanarak konuya dair görüşlerimiz ve çözüm önerilerimiz paylaşılmıştır. Son olarak iş sözleşmesinin sona ermesi ve sonrasında yaşanılan sorunlara değinilecek konuya dair yargıyı en fazla meşgul eden hususları ve kendi görüşlerimiz açıklanmıştır. Çalışmamızın son bölümünde ise inşaat sektöründe istihdam konusu ele alınırken değinilmeden geçilmesi mümkün olmayan iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konusu sektör bazlı incelenmiş, sektördeki iş kazası oranlarını düşürmek için alınabilecek önlemler vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak inşaat sektöründe görülen iş hukuku, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği hukuku uygulamaları incelenmiş konuya dair çözüm önerileri ve görüşler sunularak değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
In this dissertation, a legal assessment was made within the scope of Labor and Social Security Law Legislation, Occupational Health and Safety Legislation, International Labor Legislation and Supreme Court decisions on employment in the construction industry. In the first part of our study, the construction industry was introduced within general lines, the development of domestic and international contracting services and the potential of creating jobs within the industry were explained by talking about their current positions. Later, this thesis continues to mention the types of contracts that are generally seen in Labor Legislation and the ways in which these contracts are seen in the construction industry. Also included are the types of employment contracts that are often encountered in practice, as well as sub-contracting contracts that are essentially not an employment contract but used as a way of employing workers in practice, which are the most problematic issues seen within the industry. At the same time, this section explains how foreign related employment contracts are established and how the law can be determined and applied. In the second part, where the main issue of our study was evaluated, the concept of wages in the construction industry, working conditions and termination of employment contracts were discussed. Primarily, the concept of wages and the types of wages seen in the industry as well as the common problems were examined. Solutions to the problems that were experienced in practice were tried and produced. After that, the problems that arise through working hours, overwork and leave in the industry were explained and our opinions and solution suggestions were shared. Finally, the issues that cause most concern in the judiciary and in our own opinions on the issues will be addressed after the termination of employment contracts and the problems that arise will be discussed and explained. In the last part of our study, the issue of occupational health and safety, which cannot go without mentioning when considering the issue of employment in the construction industry, was examined sector-by-sector, and the measures that can be taken to reduce the rates of occupational accidents in the industry were highlighted.
In this dissertation, a legal assessment was made within the scope of Labor and Social Security Law Legislation, Occupational Health and Safety Legislation, International Labor Legislation and Supreme Court decisions on employment in the construction industry. In the first part of our study, the construction industry was introduced within general lines, the development of domestic and international contracting services and the potential of creating jobs within the industry were explained by talking about their current positions. Later, this thesis continues to mention the types of contracts that are generally seen in Labor Legislation and the ways in which these contracts are seen in the construction industry. Also included are the types of employment contracts that are often encountered in practice, as well as sub-contracting contracts that are essentially not an employment contract but used as a way of employing workers in practice, which are the most problematic issues seen within the industry. At the same time, this section explains how foreign related employment contracts are established and how the law can be determined and applied. In the second part, where the main issue of our study was evaluated, the concept of wages in the construction industry, working conditions and termination of employment contracts were discussed. Primarily, the concept of wages and the types of wages seen in the industry as well as the common problems were examined. Solutions to the problems that were experienced in practice were tried and produced. After that, the problems that arise through working hours, overwork and leave in the industry were explained and our opinions and solution suggestions were shared. Finally, the issues that cause most concern in the judiciary and in our own opinions on the issues will be addressed after the termination of employment contracts and the problems that arise will be discussed and explained. In the last part of our study, the issue of occupational health and safety, which cannot go without mentioning when considering the issue of employment in the construction industry, was examined sector-by-sector, and the measures that can be taken to reduce the rates of occupational accidents in the industry were highlighted.
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Keywords
Sosyal Güvenlik, İstihdam Politikaları, LAW, Hukuk, İnşaat Sektörü, Construction Sector, Employment, İş Hukuku, Social Security Law, Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku, Labour Law, Employment Contract, Social Security, İstihdam, Construction Contracts, İş Sözleşmesi, İnşaat Sözleşmeleri, Employment Policies
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189
