İş-aile çatışması ve ebeveynlik davranışları arasındaki ilişki: Sosyal desteğin düzenleyici rolü
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Date
2020
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
İş-aile çatışması, kişinin iş yaşamındaki gerekliliklerden dolayı aile yaşamındaki rollerini sürdürememesi olarak bilinir. Son zamanlarda, iş yaşamına katılan kadınların sayısındaki artış göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu çatışmanın özellikle evli ve okul öncesi dönemde çocuğu olan anneler için bazı problemler yaratabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ebeveynliğin temel bağlamı aile olarak bilinse de, ekolojik perspektife göre ebeveynlik davranışları anne-babanın bulunduğu sosyal ortamlardan da etkilenmektedir. Çocuğa temel bakım veren kişi rolünü çoğunlukla annelerin üstlendiği düşünüldüğünde, bu çatışmanın sonucu olarak ebeveynlik davranışlarında olumsuz bir etki görmek mümkündür. İş-aile çatışmasının yarattığı olumsuz etkiler ışığında, birçok araştırma bu çatışmayı azaltmada sosyal desteğin önemini vurgulamıştır. Bu araştırmalar, bireyin iş ve iş dışındaki sosyal çevresinden aldığı desteğin stresle başa çıkmasında önemli bir kaynak olduğunu savunur. Bu çalışma, iş-aile çatışmasının ebeveynlik davranışları üzerine etkisini araştıran sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalardan biri olması açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca, sosyal desteğin iş-aile çatışması ve ebeveynlik boyutlarından olan cezalandırma, itaat bekleme, sıcaklık ve açıklayıcı akıl yürütme arasındaki düzenleyici rolünü araştıran ilk çalışmadır. Çalışmada 2-6 yaş arası çocuk sahibi, 225 çalışan anne yer almıştır. Annelere iş-aile çatışması, sosyal destek ve ebeveynlik davranışlarına yönelik maddelerin bulunduğu anket formu uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda iş-aile çatışması ve ebeveynlik davranışları arasında bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca, iş yerinden (örgüt, amir ve çalışma arkadaşları) ve iş dışından (eş, aile, arkadaş) alınan desteğin bu ilişkide düzenleyici rolü olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular çalışmanın metodolojik yönleri ve örneklemin demografik özellikleri ile ilgili olarak tartışılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: iş-aile çatışması, çalışan anneler, ebeveynlik davranışları, sosyal destek.
Work-to-family conflict is known as the inability of meeting family goals due to high demands of work. When the recent increase in women's participation into labor force is considered, it is possible to see negative influences of this conflict on women especially who are married and have preschool children. Although, the main context of parenting is known as family, according to ecological perspective, parenting behaviors are influenced from social environment where mothers' and fathers' are attending. Considering that generally mothers take the role of primary caretaker of their children, it is reasonable to observe negative influences in their parenting behaviors as a result of this conflict. In the light of negative influences of work-family conflict, many researches emphasized the significance of social support in decreasing this conflict. These researches argue that social support, which individual receives from work and non-work-related environment, is an important source in managing stress. This study is one of the limited researches studying the influence of work-to-family conflict on parenting behaviors. Furthermore, it is the first study, which searches for the moderator role of social support in the relationship between work-to-family conflict and dimensions of parenting which are punishment, obedience demanding, warmth and inductive reasoning. In this study, there were 225 working mothers who have children between 2 and 6 years old. Mothers were applied a questionnaire form which includes items related with work-to-family conflict, social support and parenting behaviors. As a result of the study, no relationship was observed between work-to-family conflict and parenting behaviors. Additionally, the moderator role of social support, which is received from work-related (organization, supervisor, and coworkers) and non-work-related (spouse, family, and friend) sources, in this relationship was not found. Findings were discussed in relation to study's methodological aspects and demographic characteristics of the sample. Keywords: work-family conflict, working mothers, parenting behaviors, social support.
Work-to-family conflict is known as the inability of meeting family goals due to high demands of work. When the recent increase in women's participation into labor force is considered, it is possible to see negative influences of this conflict on women especially who are married and have preschool children. Although, the main context of parenting is known as family, according to ecological perspective, parenting behaviors are influenced from social environment where mothers' and fathers' are attending. Considering that generally mothers take the role of primary caretaker of their children, it is reasonable to observe negative influences in their parenting behaviors as a result of this conflict. In the light of negative influences of work-family conflict, many researches emphasized the significance of social support in decreasing this conflict. These researches argue that social support, which individual receives from work and non-work-related environment, is an important source in managing stress. This study is one of the limited researches studying the influence of work-to-family conflict on parenting behaviors. Furthermore, it is the first study, which searches for the moderator role of social support in the relationship between work-to-family conflict and dimensions of parenting which are punishment, obedience demanding, warmth and inductive reasoning. In this study, there were 225 working mothers who have children between 2 and 6 years old. Mothers were applied a questionnaire form which includes items related with work-to-family conflict, social support and parenting behaviors. As a result of the study, no relationship was observed between work-to-family conflict and parenting behaviors. Additionally, the moderator role of social support, which is received from work-related (organization, supervisor, and coworkers) and non-work-related (spouse, family, and friend) sources, in this relationship was not found. Findings were discussed in relation to study's methodological aspects and demographic characteristics of the sample. Keywords: work-family conflict, working mothers, parenting behaviors, social support.
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Social Support, Çalışan Kadınlar, Psychology, Working Women, Psikoloji, Ebeveyn Davranışı, Sosyal Destek, İş-Aile Çatışması, Work-Family Conflict, Parenting Behaviors
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