Tarihsel süreç içerisinde Dmitri Shostakovich'in 7.Senfonisi'nin incelenmesi
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2016
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1906 yılında St. Petersburg'da doğan Shostakovich, dünya tarihinin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan Sovyet döneminde yaşamış olan dahi bir Sovyet bestecidir. Yaşamı boyunca, 20.yüzyıl Rusya'sının politik karmaşasına tanıklık etmiş ve Stalinist rejimin etkilerini doğrudan tecrübe etmiştir. Bu atmosfer, yıllarca kişisel yaşamını ve bestecilik stilini etkileyerek, onu Sovyetler Birliği'nin kısıtlamalarının izin verdiği ölçüde çalışmaya zorlamış, ancak muhtemelen gizlice onların değerlerinden ve bu durumdan nefret etmiştir. Stalin rejimi altında, Sovyet hükümeti Rus halkını bir araya getirmek için kültür ve müzik alanında bir Nasyonalizm teması oluşturmuştur. Politik bir araç olarak, 'Sovyet Nasyonalizmi' edebiyat, sanat ve müziği de etkileyen kültürel bir form olarak da rol oynamıştır. Böyle bir ortamda, Shostakovich'in bestelerinde belirli müzikal dilleri kullanmaya yatkınlığının olması, onu politik bir hedef haline getirmiştir. Shostakovich gerçek anlamda 7. Senfoni için çalışmaya Temmuz 1941'de, sürekli düşman saldırısı altında Leningrad'da ilk üç bölümünü yazarak başlamış ve Alman birliklerinin kuşatması altındaki şehirden tahliyesinden sonra, finali ve enstrümantasyonu Aralık 1941'de Kuibyschev'de tamamlamıştır. 7. Senfoni, varoluşla bağlantıyı kesmenin ama unutmamanın nasıl bir şey olduğunu müzikal bir resim halinde tasvir eder; kırılmış bir ikonu resmeder. Senfoni, yoğun perküsyon, bir piyano, iki arp ve birinci, ikinci ve dördüncü bölümlerde zirvedeki anları kuvvetlendiren ekstra bir 'bakır nefesliler' yelpazesinden oluşan muazzam orkestra gücü ile değerlendirilir. Anahtar kelimeler: Shostakovich, Yedinci Senfoni, Leningrad, Stalin.
Born in St. Petersburg in 1906, Shostakovich is a genuine Soviet composer who lived in the Soviet era, which constituted an important segment of world history. During his life, he witnessed the political turmoil of twentieth-century Russia, and experienced firsthand the effects of the Stalinist regime. This atmosphere would affect his personal life and compositional style for years, forcing him to work within the constraints of what the U.S.S.R. deemed permissible, yet supposedly secretly detesting their values and the situation. Under Stalin's regime, the Soviet government created a Nationalism theme around culture and music to bring the Russian people together. As a political vehicle, 'Soviet Nationalism' also played the role of cultural form, affecting literature, arts and music. Within this environment, Shostakovich's tendency to use certain musical languages in his compositions made him a political target. Shostakovich began to work on the actual 7th Symphony in July 1941 in Leningrad, where he wrote the first three movements under constant attack from the enemy; and after his evacuation from the city besieged by German troops, he completed the Finale and the instrumentation in Kuibyschev in December 1941. The Seventh Symphony, paints a musical picture of what it is to lose touch with, but not lost sight of, presence: it paints a broken icon. The symphony is scored for vast orchestral forces, including an extensive battery of percussion, a piano, two harps and an array of extra brass instruments that strengthen the climactic moments in the first, third and fourth movements. Key words: Shostakovich, Seventh Symphony, Leningrad, Stalin.
Born in St. Petersburg in 1906, Shostakovich is a genuine Soviet composer who lived in the Soviet era, which constituted an important segment of world history. During his life, he witnessed the political turmoil of twentieth-century Russia, and experienced firsthand the effects of the Stalinist regime. This atmosphere would affect his personal life and compositional style for years, forcing him to work within the constraints of what the U.S.S.R. deemed permissible, yet supposedly secretly detesting their values and the situation. Under Stalin's regime, the Soviet government created a Nationalism theme around culture and music to bring the Russian people together. As a political vehicle, 'Soviet Nationalism' also played the role of cultural form, affecting literature, arts and music. Within this environment, Shostakovich's tendency to use certain musical languages in his compositions made him a political target. Shostakovich began to work on the actual 7th Symphony in July 1941 in Leningrad, where he wrote the first three movements under constant attack from the enemy; and after his evacuation from the city besieged by German troops, he completed the Finale and the instrumentation in Kuibyschev in December 1941. The Seventh Symphony, paints a musical picture of what it is to lose touch with, but not lost sight of, presence: it paints a broken icon. The symphony is scored for vast orchestral forces, including an extensive battery of percussion, a piano, two harps and an array of extra brass instruments that strengthen the climactic moments in the first, third and fourth movements. Key words: Shostakovich, Seventh Symphony, Leningrad, Stalin.
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Müzik, MUSIC, Senfoni, Hsitorical Process, Tarihsel Süreç, Music History, Müzik Tarihi, Shostakovich, Dmitri, Symphony
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