The impact of economic and social factors on the prevalence of hepatitis B in Turkey

Abstract

Background: Viral Hepatitis is one of the major global health problems affecting millions of people every year. Limited information is available on the impact of social and economic factors on the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Turkey. This study contrary to other studies in the literature was undertaken with the aim of examining the Majority of the excluded data come from the volunteers. Methods: There are medical and the social-economic factors affecting the prevalence of HBV. This research while taking medical factors as control variables clarify the social and economic factors affecting the prevalence of HBV by utilising clinical data with the use of the Binary Probit Model (BPM). The BPM estimation is a powerful tool to determine not only the factors but explain also the exact impacts of each factor. Results: The estimations of the BPM shows that economic and social variables such as age gender migration education awareness social welfare occupation are very important factors for determining HBV prevalence. Compared to the youngest population the 46 to 66+ age group has a higher prevalence of HBV. The male respondents were 5% more likely to develop HBV compared to females. When region-specific differences are taken into account migrating from the poorest parts of the country such as the eastern and south-eastern regions of Turkey are approximately 16% more likely to be infected. The welfare indicators such as a higher number of rooms in the respondent's house or flat decreases the probability of having HBV and relatively higher income groups are less likely to develop HBV compared to labourers. The Self-employed/Business owner/Public sector worker category are approximately 10% less likely to develop HBV. When people are aware of the methods of prevention of HBV they are 6% less likely to be infected. Previous HBV infection history increases the probability of having HBV again B by 17%. Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that the impact of social and economic factors on the prevalence of HBV is vital. Any improvements in these factors are likely to reduce prevalence of HBV.