Legal Effects of the Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools by Administration in the Zoning Plan Process of Preparation and Implementation

Abstract

One of the most important stages in terms of regulating land plots and ensuring that construction is carried out in an orderly manner is the process of preparing zoning plans. Accurate preparation of zoning plans based on real numerical data will facilitate the implementation process and will also reduce the legal disputes that will arise. At this point the use of artificial intelligence tools in zoning plans will be beneficial in terms of ensuring the optimisation of setback distances identifying public goods and facilitating zoning programs and zoning plan applications based on them. However the use of these tools especially when operated autonomously or because of machine learning can also lead to machine-based defects. Accordingly the preparation and implementation processes in zoning plans should be carried out in a way that includes human intervention considering the connection between settlement property and the right to live in a healthy and balanced environment. This study will explain the legal powers of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the preparation and implementation processes of zoning plans and how this situation will be reflected in the judicial review phase will be explained also taking into account the principles of zoning law. © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.