Design and characterization of a circular ring monopole antenna and its MIMO configuration for sub-6 GHz sub-7 GHz and mm-wave 5G applications

Abstract

In this paper a circular ring monopole antenna along with its MIMO configuration for sub-6 GHz sub-7 GHz and mm-wave 5G applications is presented. The single element spans a wide range of frequencies in the sub-6 GHz and mm-wave regions including a triple-band covering 1.9-6 GHz 23.3-33.5 GHz and a super-wide band starting from 37.5 GHz. A two-element MIMO antenna derived from the single element has been developed to operate in both frequency regions. It meets the −10 dB criterion with a bandwidth of 4.8 GHz (3.2 to 7.3 GHz) in the sub-6 GHz/sub-7 GHz spectrum. Additionally the antenna exhibits a super-wide band in the mm-wave region starting at 30.4 GHz. The design covers key bands such as n78 LTE band 46 n96 39 GHz band 41 GHz band and more assigned for 5G sub-6 GHz sub-7 GHz and mm-wave applications. Improved isolation from 12 dB to 18.5 dB is achieved through a simple decoupling line structure between elements. The proposed MIMO antenna (75 × 56.4 × 1.52 mm3) exhibits a peak gain of 9.8 dBi high isolation (18.5 dB) low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC <0.016 ) high diversity gain (DG > 9.995) and efficiency (< 97%). © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.