Çekte düzenleyenin hukuki sorumluluğu
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Date
2020
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Çek bir kambiyo senedi olarak hem sosyal hem de ticari hayatta yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Çekin ödeme aracı olması ve tedavül yeteneğinin bulunması çekten beklenen ekonomik fonksiyonu sağlamaktadır. Çekte yazılı bedelle kambiyo taahhüdünde bulunan kişi düzenleyen olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Düzenleyen, çek üzerine yansıttığı iradesi ile ekonomik bir fayda yaratmanın yanında şahsı üzerinde bir sorumluluk doğurmaktadır. Çalışmamızın ana konusu düzenleyenin çeke dayalı hukuki sorumluluğunu incelemektir. Kapsam itibariyle öncelikle düzenleyen terimi ve çek düzenleyebilmek için gerekli şartlar Türk Ticaret Kanunu ve Çek Kanunu açısından ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın ana kısmında ise düzenleyen hakkında hukuki sorumluluğun doğmasına sebep olabilecek durumlar açıklanmıştır. Bu çerçevede çek hamilinin düzenleyene karşı hangi hukuki yollara başvurabileceğine değinilmiş, düzenleyenin hukuki sorumluluğunun sınırı çizilmiştir. Ayrıca düzenleyenin çek hesabının bulunduğu muhatap bankayla ilişkisi irdelenmiş ve konu çek düzenlemenin temelinde bulunan havale ilişkisi dikkate alınarak açıklanmıştır. Meselenin açıklığa kavuşturulmasında, Yüksek Mahkemenin içtihatları ve doktrinde yer alan görüşlerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel hedefini, düzenleyenin çeke dayalı hukuki sorumluluğunun hem hamil hem de banka açısından derinlikle incelenmesi oluşturmuştur.
Cheque, as a bill of exchange, it is widely used in both social and commercial life. The fact that the cheque is a instrument of payment and the negotiability provides the economic function expected from the cheque. The person who contracts an engagement of exchange with the amount written in the cheque called the drawer. The drawer, besides creating an economic benefit with the will reflected on the cheque, creates a liability on the person. The main subject of our study is to examine the drawer's civil liability based on the cheque. In terms of content, first of all, the term drawer and the conditions required to drawing cheques were examined with in terms of Turkish Commercial Code and Law of Cheque. In the main part of the study, the situations that may cause civil liability about the drawer are explained. In this context, the legal ways to which the check holder can apply against the drawer are mentioned, the civil liability of the drawer has been drawn. In addition, the relation of the drawer with the drawee bank exist of cheque account was examined and the subject is explained by taking account the remittance relation which is the basis of the cheque drawing. In clarifying the matter, the case-law of the Supreme Court and the visions contained in the doctrine were used. The main aim of the study was to examine in depth the drawer's civil liability based on cheque in terms of both the holder and the drawee bank.
Cheque, as a bill of exchange, it is widely used in both social and commercial life. The fact that the cheque is a instrument of payment and the negotiability provides the economic function expected from the cheque. The person who contracts an engagement of exchange with the amount written in the cheque called the drawer. The drawer, besides creating an economic benefit with the will reflected on the cheque, creates a liability on the person. The main subject of our study is to examine the drawer's civil liability based on the cheque. In terms of content, first of all, the term drawer and the conditions required to drawing cheques were examined with in terms of Turkish Commercial Code and Law of Cheque. In the main part of the study, the situations that may cause civil liability about the drawer are explained. In this context, the legal ways to which the check holder can apply against the drawer are mentioned, the civil liability of the drawer has been drawn. In addition, the relation of the drawer with the drawee bank exist of cheque account was examined and the subject is explained by taking account the remittance relation which is the basis of the cheque drawing. In clarifying the matter, the case-law of the Supreme Court and the visions contained in the doctrine were used. The main aim of the study was to examine in depth the drawer's civil liability based on cheque in terms of both the holder and the drawee bank.
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Keywords
Law of Cheques, Çekler, LAW, Hukuk, Legal Responsibility, Çek Kanunu, Cheques, Turkish Commercial Code, Türk Ticaret Kanunu, Hukuki Sorumluluk, Karşılıksız Çek, Bad Check
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273
