Analyzing Barriers of Circular Food Supply Chains and Proposing Industry 4.0 Solutions

Abstract

The concept of the circular economy (CE) has gained importance worldwide recently since it offers a wider perspective in terms of promoting sustainable production and consumption with limited resources. However few studies have investigated the barriers to CE in circular food supply chains. Accordingly this paper presents a systematic literature review of 136 papers from 2010 to 2020 from WOS and Scopus databases regarding these barriers to understand CE implementation in food supply chains. The barriers are classified under seven categories: cultural business and business finance regulatory and governmental technological managerial supply-chain management knowledge and skills. The findings show the need to identify barriers preventing the transition to CE. The findings also indicate that these challenges to CE can be overcome through Industry 4.0 which includes a variety of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) cloud technologies machine learning and blockchain. Specifically machine learning can offer support by making workflows more efficient through the forecasting and analytical capabilities of food supply chains. Blockchain and big data analytics can provide the necessary support to establish legal systems and improve environmental regulations since transparency is a crucial issue for taxation and incentives systems. Thus CE can be promoted via adequate laws policies and innovative technologies.