Bence BagoMarton KovacsJohn ProtzkoTamas NagyZoltan KekecsBence PalfiMatus AdamkovicSylwia AdamusSumaya AlbalooshiNihan Albayrak-AydemirIlham N. AlfianSinan AlperSara Alvarez-SolasSara G. AlvesSantiago AmayaPia K. AndresenGulnaz AnjumDaniel AnsariPatricia ArriagaJohn Jamir Benzon R. ArutaAlexios ArvanitisPeter BabincakKrystian BarzykowskiBana BashourErnest BaskinLuisa BatalhaCarlota BatresJozef BavolarFatih BayrakBenjamin BeckerMaja BeckerAnabel BelausMichal BialekEnnio BilanciniDaniel BollerLeonardo BoncinelliJordane BoudesseulBenjamin T. BrownErin M. BuchananMuhammad M. ButtDustin P. CalvilloNate C. CarnesJared B. CelnikerChristopher R. ChartierWilliam J. ChopikPoom ChotikavanHu Chuan-PengRockwell F. ClancyOgeday CokerRita C. CorreiaVera Cubela AdoricCarmelo P. CubillasStefan CzoschkeYalda DaryaniJob A. M. de GrefteWieteke C. de VriesElif G. Demirag BurakCarina DiasBarnaby J. W. DixsonXinkai DuFrancesca DumancicAndrei DumbravaNatalia B. DutraJanina EnachescuCelia Esteban-SernaLuis EudaveThomas R. EvansGilad FeldmanFatima M. FelisbertiSusann FiedlerAndrej FindorAlexandra FleischmannFrancesco ForoniRadka FrancovaDarius-Aurel FrankCynthia H. Y. FuShan GaoOmid GhasemiAli-Reza Ghazi-NooriMaliki E. GhossainyIsabella GiammussoTripat GillBiljana GjoneskaMario GollwitzerAurelien GratonMaurice GrinbergAgata Groyecka-BernardElizabeth A. HarrisAndree HartantoWidad A. N. M. HassanJavad HatamiKatrina R. HeimarkJasper J. J. HiddingEvgeniya HristovaMatej HruskaCharlotte A. HudsonRichard HuskeyAyumi IkedaYoel InbarGordon P. D. IngramOzan IslerChris IsloiAishwarya IyerBastian JaegerSteve M. J. JanssenWilliam Jimenez-LealBiljana JokicPavol KacmarVeselina KadrevaGwenael KaminskiFarzan Karimi-MalekabadiArno T. A. KasperKeith M. KendrickBradley J. KennedyHalil E. KocalarRabia I. KodapanakkalMarta KowalElliott KruseLenka KucerovaAnton KuehbergerAnna O. KuzminskaFanny LalotClaus LammJoris LammersElke B. LangeAnthony LantianIvy Y. -M. LauLjiljana B. LazarevicMarijke C. LeliveldJennifer N. LenzCarmel A. LevitanSavannah C. LewisManyu LiYansong LiHaozheng LiTiago J. S. LimaSamuel LinsMarco Tullio LiuzzaPaula LopesJackson G. LuTrent LyndsMartin MacelSean P. MackinnonMadhavilatha MagantiZoe Magraw-MickelsonLeon F. MagsonHarry ManleyGabriela M. MarcuDarja Masli SersicCeline-Justine MatibagAlan D. A. MattiassiMahdi MazidiJoseph P. McFallNeil McLatchieMichael C. MensinkLena MikettaTaciano L. MilfontAlberto MirisolaMichal MisiakPanagiotis MitkidisMehrad Moeini-JazaniArash MonajemDavid MoreauErica D. MusserErita NarhetaliDanielle P. OchoaJerome OlsenNicholas C. OwsleyAsil A. OzdogruMiriam PanningMarietta Papadatou-PastouNeha ParasharPhilip ParnametsMariola Paruzel-CzachuraMichal ParzuchowskiJulia V. PaterliniJeffrey M. PavlacicMehmet PekerKim PetersLiudmila PiatnitckaiaIsabel PintoMonica Renee PolicarpioNada Pop-JordanovaAnnas J. PratamaMaximilian A. PrimbsEkaterina ProniziusDanka PuricElisa PuviaVahid QamariKun QianAlain QuiamzadeBeata RaczovaDiego A. ReineroUlf-Dietrich ReipsCecilia ReynaKimberly ReynoldsMatheus F. F. RibeiroJan P. RoeerRobert M. RossPetros RoussosFernando Ruiz-DodobaraSusana Ruiz-FernandezBastiaan T. RutjensKatarzyna RybusAdil SamekinAnabela C. SantosNicolas SayChristoph SchildKathleen SchmidtKarolina A. ScigalaMohammadHasan SharifianJiaxin ShiYaoxi ShiErin SieversMiroslav SirotaMichael SlipenkyjCaglar SolakAgnieszka SorokowskaPiotr SorokowskiSinem SoylemezNiklas K. SteffensIan D. StephenAnni SterniskoLaura Stevens-WilsonSuzanne L. K. StewartStefan StiegerDaniel StorageJustine StrubeKyle J. SusaRaluca D. Szekely-CopindeanNatalia M. SzostakBagus TakwinSrinivasan TatachariAndrew G. ThomasKevin E. TiedeLucas E. TiongMirjana TonkovicBastien TremoliereLauren V. TunsteadBelguzar N. TurkanMathias TwardawskiMiguel A. VadilloZahir VallyLeigh Ann VaughnBruno VerschuereDenis VlasicekMartin VoracekMarek A. VrankaShuzhen WangSkye-Loren WestStephen WhyteLeigh S. WiltonAnna WlodarczykXue WuFei XinSu YadanarHiroshi YamaYuki YamadaOnurcan YilmazSangsuk YoonDanielle M. YoungIlya ZakharovRizqy A. ZeinIngo ZettlerIris L. ZezeljDon C. ZhangJin ZhangXiaoxiao ZhengRink HoekstraBalazs AczelKekecs, ZoltanAczel, BalazsKovacs, MartonBago, BenceNagy, TamasPalfi, BenceProtzko, John2025-10-0620222397-337410.1038/s41562-022-01319-52-s2.0-85128090286http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-022-01319-5https://gcris.yasar.edu.tr/handle/123456789/7953https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-022-01319-5The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is emphasizing rules individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situational and psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45 countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and Western cultural clusters replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/individualism and moral dilemma judgements. Including participants from 45 countries Bago et al. find that the situational factors that affect moral reasoning are shared across countries with diminished observed cultural variation.Englishinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessUTILITARIAN JUDGMENTS, PROCESS DISSOCIATION, MODEL, RESPONSES, CONFLICT, NORMS, SHAMEArticle