Yilmaz AyBasak YildizHale TuhanDeniz Yilmaz KarapinarFadil VardarTuhan, HaleAy, YilmazYildiz, BasakVardar, FadilKarapinar, Deniz Yilmaz2025-10-0620120037-868210.1590/S0037-86822012000300026http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822012000300026https://gcris.yasar.edu.tr/handle/123456789/6672https://doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822012000300026We present a case of a 4.5-month-old boy from Turkey with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) associated with H1N1 virus and Leishmania spp. coinfection. Because visceral leishmaniasis can mimic hematologic disorders like HLH it is important to rule out this clinical condition before starting immunosuppressive therapy. In our case treatment with liposomal amphotericin B resulted in a dramatic resolution of clinical and laboratory abnormalities.Englishinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessH1N1 virus, Visceral leishmaniasis, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosisH1N1 VirusHemophagocytic LymphohistiocytosisVisceral LeishmaniasisArticle