Damla KizilayM. Fatih TasgetirenQuanke PanLiang GaoKizilay, DamlaTasgetiren, Mehmet FatihGao, LiangPan, Quan-Ke2025-10-062019199948931999-489310.3390/a120501002-s2.0-85066617863https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85066617863&doi=10.3390%2Fa12050100&partnerID=40&md5=3498ff6c7b50b2bc04dd45b3a91b39fdhttps://gcris.yasar.edu.tr/handle/123456789/9416https://doi.org/10.3390/a12050100In this paper we propose a variable block insertion heuristic (VBIH) algorithm to solve the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSP). The VBIH algorithm removes a block of jobs from the current solution. It applies an insertion local search to the partial solution. Then it inserts the block into all possible positions in the partial solution sequentially. It chooses the best one amongst those solutions from block insertion moves. Finally again an insertion local search is applied to the complete solution. If the new solution obtained is better than the current solution it replaces the current solution with the new one. As long as it improves it retains the same block size. Otherwise the block size is incremented by one and a simulated annealing-based acceptance criterion is employed to accept the new solution in order to escape from local minima. This process is repeated until the block size reaches its maximum size. To verify the computational results mixed integer programming (MIP) and constraint programming (CP) models are developed and solved using very recent small VRF benchmark suite. Optimal solutions are found for 108 out of 240 instances. Extensive computational results on the VRF large benchmark suite show that the proposed algorithm outperforms two variants of the iterated greedy algorithm. 236 out of 240 instances of large VRF benchmark suite are further improved for the first time in this paper. Ultimately we run Taillard's benchmark suite and compare the algorithms. In addition to the above three instances of Taillard's benchmark suite are also further improved for the first time in this paper since 1993. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Englishinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBlock Insertion Heuristic, Constraint Programming, Flow Shop Scheduling, Heuristic Optimization, Iterated Greedy Algorithm, Mixed Integer Programming, Constraint Theory, Heuristic Programming, Local Search (optimization), Machine Shop Practice, Scheduling, Simulated Annealing, Block Insertion Heuristic, Constraint Programming, Flow-shop Scheduling, Heuristic Optimization, Iterated Greedy Algorithm, Mixed Integer Programming, Integer ProgrammingConstraint theory, Heuristic programming, Local search (optimization), Machine shop practice, Scheduling, Simulated annealing, Block insertion heuristic, Constraint programming, Flow-shop scheduling, Heuristic optimization, Iterated greedy algorithm, Mixed integer programming, Integer programmingFlow Shop SchedulingIterated Greedy AlgorithmBlock Insertion HeuristicHeuristic OptimizationConstraint ProgrammingMixed Integer ProgrammingArticle