Başar Ca̧ǧlarDuygu TavsanciEmrah BiyikCaglar, BasarTavsanci, DuyguBiyik, Emrah2025-10-062021001623610016-23611873-715310.1016/j.fuel.2021.1212082-s2.0-85109081863https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109081863&doi=10.1016%2Fj.fuel.2021.121208&partnerID=40&md5=cfa8b35e1a459a057637adeb28e7ce88https://gcris.yasar.edu.tr/handle/123456789/8895https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121208The thermodynamic modelling of biomass gasification was studied by using Gibbs free energy minimization approach. Different from the studies using the same approach the simultaneous presence of all gasifying agents (air H<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf>) was considered and a multiparameter optimization was applied to determine the synergetic effect of gasifying agents for hydrogen syngas with a specific H<inf>2</inf>/CO ratio and methane production. The performance of gasification was assessed by using technical and environmental performance indicators such as product yields cold gas efficiency exergy efficiency CO<inf>2</inf> emission and the heat requirement of the gasifier. The results show that the simultaneous presence of gasifying agents does not create considerable changes in syngas yield H<inf>2</inf> yield methane yield CGE and exergy efficiency while it allows to tune the H<inf>2</inf>/CO ratio and the heat requirement of the gasifier. The highest syngas yield is observed at T > 1100 K and 1 bar and when SBR > 0.5 and/or CBR > 0.8 with the absence of air at which CGE changes between 114% and 122% while exergy efficiency is between 77% and 86%. The results prove that CO<inf>2</inf> offers several advantages as a gasifying agent and suggests that CO<inf>2</inf> recycling from gasifier outlet is a useful option for the biomass gasification. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Englishinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBiomass Gasification, Co2 Conversion, Exergy Efficiency, Gibbs Free Energy Minimization, Optimization, Biomass, Environmental Management, Exergy, Gasification, Gibbs Free Energy, Methane, Optimization, Synthesis Gas, Synthesis Gas Manufacture, Biomass Gasification, Co2 Conversion, Exergy Efficiencies, Gasifiers, Gasifying Agents, Gibbs Free Energy Minimization, Heat Requirements, Multiparameters, Optimisations, Syn Gas, Carbon DioxideBiomass, Environmental management, Exergy, Gasification, Gibbs free energy, Methane, Optimization, Synthesis gas, Synthesis gas manufacture, Biomass Gasification, CO2 conversion, Exergy efficiencies, Gasifiers, Gasifying agents, Gibbs free energy minimization, Heat requirements, Multiparameters, Optimisations, Syn gas, Carbon dioxideGibbs Free Energy MinimizationCO(2 )ConversionOptimizationExergy EfficiencyCO2 ConversionBiomass GasificationArticle