Fatma Nur Karaman KabadurmuşSajal LahiriLahiri, SajalKaraman Kabadurmus, Fatma Nur2025-10-0620169781466695498, 146669548X, 978146669548197814666954819781466695498146669548X10.4018/978-1-4666-9548-1.ch0192-s2.0-84982793377https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84982793377&doi=10.4018%2F978-1-4666-9548-1.ch019&partnerID=40&md5=28cb0d6d5e329bff84239947908a8d8bhttps://gcris.yasar.edu.tr/handle/123456789/9814https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9548-1.ch019This chapter examines empirically the determinants of research and development (R&D) activities by Turkish firms. It focuses on the question of how competition affects product innovation and not process innovation in Turkey. In particular we test if there is a non-linear relationship between R&D activities of a firm and the degree of competition in that industry. We use Turkish firm-level data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) and find strong support for an inverted-U relationship between the two variables. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Englishinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessBook Part