Belirsiz Ortamlarda Eşzamanlı Rıhtım Atama ve Vinç Çizelgeleme Problemlerine Çok Amaçlı Eniyileme Yaklaşımları

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2015

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Alper Emre YILDIRIM
Deniz Ateş ÖZDEMİR
Evrim URSAVAŞ GÜLDOĞAN

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Küresel tedarik zincirinin en önemli halkalarından olan konteyner terminallerindeki operasyonların verimliligi liman yönetimi içinde çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Terminal operasyonları birbirleri ile iç içe geçmelerine karsın diger tüm operasyonları dogrudan etkileyen en önemli asama rıhtım operasyonlarıdır. Liman yönetimlerinin gelen gemilere en iyi hizmet verecek ve maliyetlerini en az indirecek sekilde karar almaları gerekmektedir. Bu bakımdan limana gelen gemilere rıhtım tahsis etme vinç atama ve çizelgeleme problemlerinden olusan rıhtım operasyonları yöneylem arastırması tekniklerinin kullanılmasına yönelik çok uygun bir alandır.Bu projede konteyner terminallerindeki rıhtım operasyonlarına iliskin karar problemlerinin çözümü için yeni yaklasımlar tasarlanmıstır. Bu yaklasımlarda rıhtım operasyonları bütüncül olarak ele alınarak karma tamsayılı ve stokastik programlama eniyileme modelleri gelistirilmistir. Gelistirilen çok amaçlı modeller sayesinde karar verici için limandaki yogunluga baglı olarak tercih edebilecegi çesitli çözüm seçenekleri elde edilebilmektedir. Bununla beraber bu çesitli seçeneklerden sadece en ise yarayacak olan Pareto etkin çözümleri sunulmaktadır. Öte yandan gerçek hayatta karsılasılabilecek belirsizligi dikkate alarak gelistirilen stokastik modeller sayesinde daha etkin planların yapılabilmesi saglanmaktadır.Proje kapsamında rıhtım operasyonları problemlerinin çözümüne iliskin tasarlanan yöntemlerin Izmir Alsancak Limanı?ndan alınan günlük ve haftalık gerçek veriler üzerinde denenerek elde dilen çözümlerinde liman yönetiminin yaptıgı planlara göre %60?lara varan iyilestirmeler sagladıgı görülmüstür. Gelistirilen çözüm yöntemlerinin dünyadaki diger konteyner liman ve terminallerinde uygulanabilecegi literatürdeki diger çalısmalarda kullanılan gerçek veriler ve gerçege yakın olarak üretilen veri örnekleri ile test edilerek kanıtlanmıstır. Bu yöntemler ile çözülen gerek günlük gerekse de haftalık problemlerin çözüm sürelerinin bir sonraki planlama zamanına kadar geçen süre dikkate alındıgında oldukça kabul edilebilir oldugu görülmüstür.

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