Proposal for a deployable architectural umbrella using scissor linkages and foldable plates

Abstract

Deployable architectural umbrellas are widely used for providing shade in large open spaces combining functionality with aesthetic appeal. Most existing designs rely on structural mechanisms as the primary framework with membranes or textiles serving as the covering material. Although this approach reduces structural weight and simplifies deployment and detailing textile covers are often susceptible to environmental wear and damage from repeated use. This paper introduces a novel deployable architectural umbrella that utilizes scissor linkages for the main framework and rigid foldable plates for the cover. By employing these durable materials the design addresses the limitations of textile-based covers supports varied shading geometries and enables the integration of photovoltaic panels. The paper begins with a review of existing deployable umbrellas and canopy systems followed by a brief review of scissor linkage mechanisms in the literature. A detailed presentation of the proposed architectural design and its features is provided. A kinematic analysis is then conducted examining the system's workspace and geometric constraints. Finally structural analyses of a typical deployed configuration are presented to assess stiffness limitations highlighting the benefits and potential of this innovative deployable umbrella design. © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.