Analysing the Convergence Between Lean 4.0 and Sustainability in Operations Management

Abstract

Integrating Lean 4.0 with sustainability is essential for attaining efficiency and environmental responsibility in contemporary operations management. This research investigates the alignment of Lean 4.0 and sustainability in operations management highlighting how combining them can improve operational efficiency and promote environmental responsibility. Automation and digitalization are essential in revolutionizing manufacturing processes by enhancing intelligence flexibility and efficiency thanks to Industry 4.0 technologies. Lean 4.0 takes advantage of these progressions by merging digital technologies with traditional Lean concepts to reduce waste and enhance resource efficiency even more. At the same time sustainability emphasizes the importance of using resources responsibly and minimizing environmental harm covering environmental social and economic aspects. The merging of Lean 4.0 and sustainability is intended to synchronize operational processes with broader sustainability objectives guaranteeing efficient and eco-friendly operations. Through an in-depth literature review this study aims to identify crucial concepts and suggest potential areas for future research to enhance the comprehension of the collaboration between Lean 4.0 and sustainability in operations management. © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.